GOLD PAWN (AR-RAHN) IN SHARIA BANKING IN INDONESIA: HYBRID CONTRACT AND ECONOMIC MASLAHAH
AKAD HYBRID DAN MASLAHAH EKONOMI
Abstract
This study aims to examine the implementation of gold pawnbroking (Ar-rahn) in Islamic banking through a hybrid contract and economic maslahah review. The research uses a qualitative analysis method to explain the implementation of gold loan transactions in Islamic banking through a hybrid contract review and the compatibility of gold loan transactions in Islamic banks with the concept of maslahah economics (Dharuriyah, Hajiyat and Tahsiniyat). Dharuriyah is categorised into five bases: 1) protecting religion, 2) protecting wealth, 3) protecting offspring, 4) protecting life, and 5) protecting wealth. Data was collected through literature review, document study, discussion and intuitive-subjective methods. The results of the study show that the implementation of gold pawning in Islamic banking is not in accordance with sharia law. This is because the use of hybrid or combined contracts in the product is not permitted in Islamic law, as examined in depth in accordance with the Hadith of the Prophet Muhammad SAW. However, the gold loan product is in line with the maslahah economic concept because it helps people to meet their daily needs. However, if the Islamic bank takes the required profit, this causes riba fadl, which is not in line with the concept of maslahah economics.
References
Al-Fasi, Alal. 1993. Maqāṣid asySyarī‘ah al-Islāmiyyah wa Makārimuha, Rubat: Maktabah al-Wahdah al-arabiyyah.
Alî Ahmad al-Sâlûs. 2004. “Fiqh al-Bay’ wa al-Istitsâq wa al-Tathbîq al-Mu’âshir”. Beirut: Mu’assasah al-Rayyân
Ali, Zainuddin. 2008. Hukum Gadai Syariah. Jakarta : Sinar Grafika
Al-Qaradhawi, Yusuf. 2007. Fiqih Maqāṣid Syarī‘ah, Jakarta: Pustaka Al-Kautsar
Al-Qurthubî. 1995. “Al-Jâmi’ li Ahkâm al-Qur’ân”. Vol. 2. Beirut: Dâr al-Fikr
Al-Rahman, Mahmud ‘Abd dan Abd Al-Mun’im. 2008. Mu’jam al-Musthalahat wa al-Alfazh al-Fiqhiyyah. Juz II. Kairo. Dar al-Fadhilah
Anshori, Abdul Ghofur. Perbankan Syariah di Indonesia. Gadjah Mada University Press. Jogjakarta. 2007
Az-zuhaili, Wabah. 1406 H. Ushul Al- Fiqh Al-Islamy. Damaskus: Dar al-Fikr
Balgis, Putri Dona. 2017. “Gadai Emas Syariah: Evaluasi Dan Usulan Akad Sesuai Prinsip Syariah”. Jurisprudence, Vol. 7 No. 1 Juni 2017
Barri, Abd. Rauf AR.2019. “Gadai Emas Pada Lembaga Keuangan Syariah”. Vol. 4, No. 1, Mei 2019 p-ISSN: 2541-5212 | e-ISSN: 2541-5220 J-ALIF Jurnal Penelitian Hukum Ekonomi Syariah dan Sosial Budaya Islam
Echdar, Saban. 2017. Metode Penelitian Manajemen dan Bisnis: Panduan Komprehensif Langkah Demi Langkah Penelitian Untuk Skripsi, Tesis, dan Disertasi. Bogor. Ghalia Indonesia
Fahlefi, Rizal. 2015. “Implementasi Maṣlaḥah Dalam Kegiatan Ekonomi Syariah” dalam JURIS Volume 14, Nomor 2
Fajri , Muh Shadiqul ., et.al. 2021. “The Potential Of Riba In Sharia Gold Pawning”. Volume 3, Issue 1, December 2021 E-ISSN : 2715-4203, P-ISSN : 2715-419X. DOI: https://doi.org/ 10.31933/dijdbm.v3i1
Fatwa DSN No 25/DSN-MUI/III/2002 dan Fatwa DSN No 26/DSN-MUI/III/2002
Fauzia, Ika Yunia dan Abdul Kadir Riyadi. 2015. Prinsip Dasar Ekonomi Islam: Prespektif Maqashid Syari’ah. Cet. 2, Ed. 1. Jakarta: Kencana
Fedro, Alfarid ., et.al. 2018. “Legal Analysis On The Fatwa Of Sharia National Council On Rahn: Between Legal Philosophy And Its Implementation In Indonesia Sharia Pawnshop”. Mazahib, Vol 17, No.2 Pp.1-2. P-ISSN: 1829-9067 | E-ISSN: 2460-6588. http://dx.doi.org/ 10.21093/ mj.v17i1.1056
Fujianty, Ike ., et.al. 2019. “Implementasi Fatwa Dewan Syariah Nasional Majelis Ulama Indonesia Nomor 26/Dsn-Mui/III/2002 Tentang Penentuan Biaya Ijarah dalam Sistem Gadai Emas (Studi Kasus di Pegadaian Syariah KCP Pajajaran Bandung)”. Prosiding Keuangan dan Perbankan Syariah ISSN: 2460-2159. Volume 5, No. 1, Tahun 2019
Idri. 2015. Hadis Ekonomi dalam Prespektif Hadis Nabi. Jakarta. Prenademedia group. Cet. Ke-1
Ilyas, Rahmat. 2019. “Pawnshops in the Perspective of Islamic Law”. AL-‘ADALAH Vol. 16, Nomor 1, 2019
M. Yunus. 2019. “Hybrid Contract (Multi Akad) Dan Implementasinya Di Perbankan Syariah” dalam Jurnal Peradaban dan Hukum Islam. Vol 2, No 1 (Halaman 87-102). Bandung: Fakultas Syari’ah Universitas Islam Bandung
Mardalis. 1993. Penelitian Suatu Pendekatan Proposal. Jakarta. Bumi Aksara
Maulidizen, Ahmad. 2018. “Implementation Of Rahn In Sharia Gold Financing At Modern Islamic Financial Institutions (Case Study In Bank Bri Syariah Branch Of Pekanbaru)”. Hukum Islam, Vol XVIII No. 1 Juni 2018
Muhammad. 2018. Bisnis Syariah: Transaksi dan Pola Pengikatnya. Depok : Raja Grafindo
Mujahidin, Akhmad. 2016. Hukum Perbankan Syariah. Jakarta: Rajawali Press
Nawawi, Fajar Ikhwan., et.al. “Pelaksanaan Gadai Emas Pada Perbankan Syariah (Studi Pada Bni Syariah Kota Semarang)”. DIPONEGORO LAW JOURNAL Volume 6, Nomor 1, Tahun 2017
Nurfalah, Irfan dan Aam Slamet Rusydiana. (2019). Digitalisasi Keuangan Syariah Menuju Keuangan Inklusif: Kerangka Maqashid Syariah. Ekspansi: Jurnal Ekonomi, Keuangan, Perbankan dan Akuntansi. Vol. 11, No. 1 (Mei 2019). Hal. 55 – 76
Rivai, Veithzal et.al. 2011. Islmaic Transaction Law in Business dari Teori ke Praktek. Jakarta: Bumi Aksara
Salman, Kautsar Riza. 2021. “Seputar Gadai Emas Dalam Sudut Pandang Muamalah”, https://perbanas.ac.id/index.php/id/det/883-seputar-gadai-emas-dalam-sudut-pandang-muamalah, diakses pada 12 April 2022 Pukul 01.00 WIB
Sharif, Dziauddin., et.al. 2013. “The Improvement of Ar-Rahn (Islamic Pawn Broking) Enhanced Product in Islamic Banking System”. Asian Social Science; Vol. 9, No. 2; 2013 ISSN 1911-2017 E-ISSN 1911-2025. doi:10.5539/ass.v9n2p36
Yafiz, Muhammad dan Darwis Harahap. “Produk Gadai Emas di Perbankan Syariah: Analisis Maslahah Ekonomi’. HUMAN FALAH: Volume 5. No. 1 Januari – Juni 2018.
